Maritime Geopolitics and Strategic Vulnerabilities: A Security Analysis of the Muslim World’s Geographical Position

Author(s) : Dr. Arfan Mahmood

Abstract:

The Muslim world is geostrategically positioned in a strategically sensitive region between the Western and Eastern hemispheres through some of the most sensitive maritime chokepoints globally. The marine crossroads like the Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, Bab el-Mandeb, Suez Canal, Bosporus, and Strait of Gibraltar open up to a disproportionate amount of worldwide energy and trade streams. Dominion or intervention in these chokepoints immediately affects global security, financial stability, and political autonomy, particularly of the Muslim nations surrounding them. This research article elucidates the security implications of sea geography to the Muslim world according to historical and contemporary geopolitical thought such as Mahan's sea power theory, Mackinder's Heartland approach, and Spykman's Rimland theory. It analyzes the strategic significance of each chokepoint, the navy weaknesses and strengths of Muslim nations, and determines the role of foreign powers to formulate maritime policies and presence within the region. This is a qualitative study which utilizes qualitative content analysis technique. The research is more descriptive than empirical and does not involve primary fieldwork or classified naval intelligence. However, it provides a strategic in-depth analysis of maritime geography and security issues within the Muslim world. Considering the analysis of maritime security threats, regional energy transit dynamics and competition, this article is directed towards cooperative maritime policies, more robust naval defense mechanisms, and more integrated economic approaches to construct sovereignty. The study concludes with policy recommendations for strategic naval collaboration and capacity development in the Muslim world to counteract external pressure and ensure regional stability.