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The Senate of Pakistan, a House of Federation, is dedicated to promoting non-majoritarianism and protecting the territorial interests of the smaller provinces. But, owing to the parliamentary nature of the political system, it has traditionally held a subservient position to the popularly elected National Assembly. Yet, it is seen as a body that assures power sharing among the federating units at the national level. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the constitutional role of the Senate and to examine the ways in which the Senate of Pakistan offers the federating units shared rule. The analysis, primarily, relies on parliamentary data to assess how senators belonging to various provinces participate in the Senate’s legislative business. The evidence shows that the Senate of Pakistan serves as a platform that guarantees smaller provinces a substantial voice in federal legislation and decision-making. The data shows that senators from smaller provinces have been more involved in the legislative proceedings of the chamber, demonstrating how important this chamber is to them. Hence, it can be argued that provincial minority groups regard the Senate of Pakistan as a House that provides them with shared rule at the national level.

Status of women in South Punjab requires in-depth cultural study especially while describing the traditional role of women in South Punjab. This study focuses on Proverbs to understand the traditional status of women.Proverbs are the traditional mirrors that display the picture of traditional identities and characters. Proverbs also act as depositories of social knowledge and present social epistemology in particular social contexts. South Punjab’s Saraiki character and identity is shared by the inhabitants of Urdu and Punjabi speaking communities. So, describing the cultural representation of Women in South Punjab requires a combined study of Saraiki, Urdu and Punjabi languages. The traditional tone of proverbial knowledge presents multiple characteristics of the status of women in society in South Punjab. By going through the proverbs this study not only questions the reductionist representation of women in journalistic and academic accounts but also suggest the preservation of the positive and powerful aspects of status of women in the social legislation in Pakistan.

The revocation of article 370 & 35-A by Prime Minister (PM) Modi Government on August 5, 2019 marked significant constitutional changes, depriving the people of Jammu & Kashmir from their special status. This move was aimed to integrate Jammu and Kashmir with the rest of India. The paper employs a qualitative methodology, analyzing secondary data from different sources to understand the implications of the revocation of article 370 & 35-A. The findings inculcate that the revocation of article 370 & 35-A has led to significant social, political and economic upheaval in Jammu & Kashmir, by widespread violation of human rights and economic instability. The paper concludes that India intended to assert its strong control and promote development. Contrary to their aims behind revocation of article 370 & 35-A, they exacerbated tensions and instability in the region and also highlighted the issue internationally, calling for a balanced approach to achieve a long-lasting peace between two nuclear armed states.

This extensive study examines the intricate network of regional connectivity facilitated by this ambitious project. It also highlights the geostrategic significance of Pakistan and China, detailing how these nations play a pivotal role in shaping global dynamics. Both countries are integrated into various initiatives that are poised to drive significant changes in infrastructure, economic growth, and societal development, impacting not just South Asia but extending well beyond the Asian region. The various projects aim to bridge both physical and social distances between different regions of the world. They offer opportunities for enhanced regional connectivity and contribute to a more globalized world. This project details several initiatives related to regional connectivity, including the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). It provides comprehensive insights into these projects, outlining their impact on regional connections and mapping their influence. Additionally, the project highlights the geostrategic significance of Pakistan and China, illustrating their crucial roles in this global network.

Self- recognizing is one’s ability to know about and understand his behavior. It also involves managing one’s behavior and reactions to objects and things occurring around. Self-recognition relies on a number of skills which enables one to manage the emotions and to think before acting. An action research was carried out to recognize the self-behavior of learners through education in the rural areas. All learners of rural area were the population of the study. Sample included 150 learners, who were conveniently selected for the study. The data was collected through Checklist, observations and field notes and was analyzed qualitatively. Study findings showed that the learners who had access to education were more self-regulated, self-aware and had a positive attitude as compared to others.

This was a participatory action research. This research was intended to know the views of the visually impaired students who were studying at university level about the facilities they have in their universities. A focus group discussion among visually impaired university graduates was conducted to know about the issues faced by the visually impaired students. In the light of literature review and focused group discussion, a questionnaire was developed. The visually impaired students from various universities and from different educational levels were asked to fill the questionnaires. The data was collected through Google forms and telephonic conversations. After data collection the data was analyzed and interpreted. On the basis of findings and data interpretation an interview was designed. In order to validate the research findings, the interviews of visually impaired university graduates were conducted. On the basis of this triangulated data the research found that students with visual impairments were mostly not satisfied with the services they had in their universities. However, there were some positive prospects like provision of academic fee waiver, provision of extra time for taking exams and close peer group cooperation.

This research article examines socio-economic transformation of Sahiwal District (formerly Montgomery) in Punjab, Pakistan, during British colonial period from 1857 to 1947. The study explores the multifaceted changes in agriculture, trade, infrastructure, society and governance that occurred under British rule. It investigates the impact of British policies, role of Christian missionaries and creation of collaborations as political agents in shaping the district's socio-economic landscape. The article highlights both the positive developments and challenges faced by local population during this transformative period.

It is very surprising to learn that media success was significantly documented in military times, and more specifically in Pervez Musharraf's tenure. This growth in mass media has resulted in freedom of expression, which had become a source of contention for the retired general himself. Political pressure on the media is an inescapable aspect of Pakistan, and it is always typically done indirectly. The government had also directly outlawed or officially suppressed popular television networks by using draconian legislation. The Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA), which was established to support and flourish the mass media industry, has been used several times by influential and dominant players to quiet the broadcast media by suspending licenses, seize the equipment or simply threatening to do so. Though, Pakistan's media has come under increased scrutiny, since Musharraf sparked a political and legal crisis.

COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world around us. Many of the changes that it has stimulated are yet to fully manifest themselves. Like the other fields of life, education too was affected by the pandemic and its ramifications. This led to opting of online educational system by the educational institutions. Keeping in mind the importance of education which has been further augmented by the inclusion of education as sustainable development goal by UN, it becomes imperative that we ensure that all sections or our polity have an equal access to education and in this regard online education can be very helpful. Public sector educational institution like GC University, Lahore took a lead in devising an indigenously evolved and synthesized online education policy but it too cannot be deemed perfect for reasons that somehow cannot be controlled by the institution in question. It is pertinent to note that there are a variety of impediments that have hindered our attempts to realize the potential of online education, if we overcome those impediments and create a virtual educational environment that has utility and inclusiveness to offer only then we can call it a good online educational system otherwise all the exercise will be futile.

Hereditary party politics has remained a norm in many developing states. The Political system of Pakistan has seen long military rules and military-backed-civilian governments. These traits have proved as a hurdle to inculcating democratic norms in the political setup of the state and the emergence of personalization traits in politics. After the first populist regime of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, powers shifted to Benazir Bhutto which gave birth to a hereditary trend in Pakistan Peoples’ Party (PPP). The period of Benazir Bhutto is considered the first hereditary party politics regime of the Pakistan Peoples’ Party (PPP). The paper attempts to analyze the governance under the premiership of Benazir Bhutto to ensure political development in the state. The process of political development is examined through seven indicators including institutionalization, political participation, governance, legitimacy, accountability, distribution of power and national integration. The study concludes with the fact that the rule of Benazir Bhutto was the revival of democracy in Pakistan but was characterized by centralization of power, personality-oriented decision-making, nepotism, favouritism, lack of transparency and institutional clashes. Her political measures and strategies could not get desired results due to these mentioned hurdles and the process of political development in the state could not be ensured.

Islam has been a greatly professed religion in the Soviet Union for many centuries. However, despite years of reprisal and persecution in the Soviet Union by the Czar Russian policies, communist designs, and repressive policies under Lenin, Stalin, Gorbachev Islam has managed to preserve its spirit as a way of life that culturally defined every facet of the believer’s existence. This was especially true of Islamic lifestyle rituals including, fasting, feasting, pilgrimages, polygamy, and the handing out of alms. In retrospect, the Soviet campaign against Islam had proved to be only partially successful. It managed to curb Islamic activity and perhaps contained Islamic sentiments in the region but it was far from eradicating the Islamic faith. Now Muslims enjoy freedom in practicing their religious obligations in Russia as protected and accommodated by the state constitutionally and legally. Islam is enjoying rebirth and revival in Russia with multiple impacts on Muslims in Russian society. This study will try to explore socio-demographic facts about the Muslim population in Russia, constitutional and legal protection to religious freedom of Muslims in Russia, Islamic revivalist movements, and their impacts on the Muslim community in Russia.